Spring brings warm weather, flowers, and allergies, and it's not just us humans who can be affected. Dogs and cats can have allergies to pollen, grasses, trees, food ingredients, and even to pet dander. So what can we do to help? ​

How to treat allergies:
Unfortunately, allergies aren't usually curable. They can be managed, but your itchy pet will likely need some help every time they get exposed to their trigger.

First step - reduce exposure

• Give your pet a bath to take pollen off their skin. Most gentle pet shampoos will work as long as your pet doesn't have any red spots. If you see rashes, please see your veterinarian first. A good rule of thumb is to bathe once a week during itchy season.
• Talk to your veterinarian about whether your pet might have a food sensitivity. Please, don't change your food before the appointment! Make a list of the foods and treats you have ever offered your pet to help your veterinarian pick the best trial diet.

Next step - treat infections

• Yeast and bacteria can grow in inflamed, itchy skin.
• They make the itch even worse, and can cause odor, crusts, and/or greasy fur.
• Your veterinarian can diagnose these by looking under the microscope, and sometimes may need to culture bacteria to find the best antibiotics.
• Treatments are usually topical (shampoos, wipes, ointments) and/or oral (pills).

Last step - relieve the itch

• There are medications targeted directly at the molecules that signal itch in dogs. Apoquel comes as pills and Cytopoint is an injection given every 1-2 months as needed.  These revolutionary treatments have very few to no side effects and are very effective at making your pup more comfortable.
• Steroids used to be the mainstay of anti-itch therapy. These decrease redness and swelling and are very effective at treating itch. They do come with some side effects, however. Dogs will often pant and pace or seem anxious, and can drink and urinate more. They will also be more hungry. Cats can develop diabetes from long term steroid use.
• Antihistamines are less effective than either of the other two classes of medications, but are very helpful with sudden allergic reactions like insect stings. For mildly itchy pets antihistamines can relieve symptoms. Beware never to use the non-drowsy formula for your pets. Please talk to your veterinarian about safe doses of Benadryl (diphenhydramine, cats and dogs), Zyrtec (cetirizine, dogs), or ChlorTrimeton (chlorpheniramine, cats).

2. Can pets spread Covid? Maybe.
In laboratory settings, certain animals have spread the SARS-CoV-2 virus to others of the same species housed together. Cats, ferrets, and hamsters infected with the virus should be considered contagious to other cats, ferrets, and hamsters. Dogs do not seem to spread the virus to other dogs. ​

Most importantly, pets do NOT seem to be able to spread the virus back to people. No pet to person transmission has been documented at this time.

3. What should pet owners do?
Thankfully, you can protect your pet the same way you are protecting everyone else in your family. Follow CDC guidelines by wearing a mask, washing hands frequently, and continuing to social distance to decrease your risk of catching Covid-19.

Testing pets for Covid is only available with approval from the State Veterinarian or through university research studies. If someone in your household has Covid and your pet is showing respiratory signs, please call us.

If you have Covid:

• Minimize your contact with your pets while you are infectious (usually 10 days from when symptoms appeared or when you tested positive, but follow your local health guidelines).
• Wear a mask, and avoid kissing or hugging your pet.
• Wash hands frequently.
• Keep cats indoors, and keep dogs away from social situations like boarding, grooming, day care, or dog parks.

If your pet tests positive for Covid:

• Isolate the pet away from other pets and people. 
• Use bowls and bedding for that pet only.
• Do NOT use disinfectants or sprays on your pet.
• You should wear a mask and gloves while around your pet - but your pet should not wear a mask.
• Clean and disinfect the room just as you would for a person in isolation for Covid.

Pets who test positive for Covid should be isolated until they test negative, or at least 14 days from a positive test. You do not need to relinquish a positive pet - they can rejoin the family after their period of isolation just like a person with Covid.

However, there are some truly toxic plants that can cause more severe illness in our curious dogs and cats.

Traditional holiday plants to keep out of reach:

• Mistletoe - can cause vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure, shallow breathing, and low heart rate
• Lilies - please avoid these altogether if you own cats. They can cause irreversible kidney failure.
• Amaryllis - can cause vomiting, diarrhea, depression, excess drooling, abdominal pain, and tremors.

Beware that some decorations can be dangerous:

• Christmas trees - playful dogs and climbing cats can knock them over and injure themselves or others, not to mention break precious fragile ornaments. Secure your tree well, or use fencing to keep pets away. Don't allow your pet to drink the water out of the reservoir.
• Tinsel - Cats require surgery to remove tinsel from their intestines every year. Please don't let that happen to yours!

​Foods:
While we're enjoying some extra treats this month, keep the following ingredients out of your pets' reach to avoid a trip to the vet:

• onions - cause liver damage
• grapes, raisins, currants - kidney damage
• macadamia nuts - depression, weakness, tremors
• xylitol (a no-calorie sweetener) - depression, collapse, seizures, coma
• chocolate - vomiting and diarrhea, panting, hyperactivity, racing heart rate, seizures, tremors

If you have any concerns about what your pet just got into, call ASPCA Poison Control: (888) 426-4435

No one likes coming home to find a mess - whether that's an object torn to shreds, furniture damaged, or pee or poop to clean up. But chances are, your dog (or, very rarely, cat) isn't actually out to get you. He or she is more likely to be scared or nervous, and the mess is the symptom of that anxiety.

It's normal for pets to be unhappy when their owners leave. But most pets can settle down to nap while their owners are away. 

So what is separation anxiety? Separation anxiety is a medical condition where your dog experiences distress when left alone. These pets may cause harm to themselves or their environment in their need to escape or their drive to comfort themselves. 

Signs of separation anxiety include:

• Housesoiling - urine and/or stool 
• Vocalizing - constant barking or whining
• Panting excessively
• Pacing and being unable to settle down
• Destructive behavior - chewing up objects, furniture, parts of the home
• Trying to escape

What triggers separation anxiety?
Any change in routine can trigger anxious behavior. This can include absence of a family member, like a new work or school schedule or a trip. The absence doesn't have to be long, and some pets will start to show anxious behaviors before the person even leaves. Moving is another stressful even that can trigger anxious behavior. Puppies can show anxiety when separated from their littermates, and senior dogs can develop anxiety in their old age.

How do you treat separation anxiety?
The first thing to do is consult your veterinarian. Your pet may have a medical condition that is causing the behavior change, and treating the problem may fix the behavior. Some examples include pets who are uncomfortable from arthritis, drinking, urinating, and panting more than usual because of Cushing's disease, or are hyperactive or aggressive from an overactive thyroid (cats). 
Once medical issues are ruled out, training starts. Many pets will also benefit from calming supplements and/or medications to allow their anxiety to subside enough that learning can occur.  

The first step in training is to provide your pet with proper exercise. A bored pet is more likely to get into trouble. A tired pet is more likely to rest until you come home. Make sure to stimulate your pet's mind as well as body with new games and activities.

Now, start training your pet to "settle". This is a command that you train, just like "sit" or "stay". It means your pet goes to a designated spot like a bed or a crate and relaxes in place. At first, your pet will settle for a very short time. Gradually increase the length of time and the distance you move away before releasing your pet from the command. Use treats and positive reinforcement to keep teaching this command stress-free. Be patient! Once you can leave the room for a short time and return without your pet moving from their settle, you are ready to leave the house for a short time. When you come home, great your pet with the release word and a calm demeanor.  

Severely affected pets need additional help beyond training. 
Solliquin or Zylkene are calming supplements that decrease the fight-or-flight response and allow learning to occur. Some pets will also respond well to hemp-based supplements - but be careful to avoid any THC, which is extremely toxic to dogs and cats.
Anti-depressants like fluoxetine or clomipramine are also very helpful to get the process started for some pets. Start with an appointment with your veterinarian to get your pet the help they need. 

It's blazing hot outside, so it's time to take a moment to make sure our four-legged friends are safe and comfortable. A new study of almost a million dogs in Britain confirmed what veterinarians have long suspected - older dogs, overweight dogs, and certain breeds are at increased risk of heat-related illness. 

Which breeds are at most risk?

• Bulldogs, French bulldogs
• Chow Chows
• Dogue de Bordeaux
• Greyhounds

Dogs and cats with flat faces are at increased risk because of their narrow airways. They have a harder time cooling off by panting, and dogs can't sweat to cool off like we do. 
Working dogs can also succumb to heat stroke because they are so eager to please. They will often continue running to the point of collapse rather than stopping to take the break they need. 
Older dogs can be more susceptible because of underlying lung or heart conditions that may be mild or asymptomatic during temperate weather and only show up in hot weather.
Overweight dogs are also more prone to overheating because their airways are narrowed by the excess fat and the excess weight acts like a marine mammal's blubber, trapping body heat inside.

Rabbits are also very susceptible to the heat. They can tolerate cold temperatures much more easily. Rabbits kept outdoors should have a shaded hutch, a fan to move air and open hutch sides to allow a breeze, and a frozen water bottle to lay on in addition to fresh drinking water.

So how do you prevent heat exhaustion?

​If you have a dog or cat who is at risk of heat-related illness, avoidance is the key.

• Permit access to air conditioning when possible, or shade with plenty of drinking water available. Use a fan to get the air moving.
• Take walks during the cooler parts of the day.
• Never leave your pet in the car without you. Pets have died when air conditioning gave out in the running car and the owners didn't notice until it was too late. A car without the air conditioning running can hit 100F in less than 10 minutes, even with the windows cracked.

Notice the signs of heat exhaustion early: 

• Excessive panting
• Glassy eyes
• Mental dullness
• Gums either blue-tinged or bright red
• Loss of coordination
• Trouble breathing
• Collapse
  
• Bruising​

​
If you think your pet is too hot:

• Stop exercising immediately
• Get indoors or into the shade
• Provide water to drink (not ice)
• Cool your pet by spraying them with water (cool to luke-warm, not ice-cold). Pay special attention to the paws, armpits, and groin for the most effective cooling.
• Seek emergency veterinary care immediately if your pet is having trouble breathing, collapses, or if your pet isn't back to normal in 10 minutes

When is a mosquito bite more than just an itchy annoyance for your dog, cat, or ferret? When that mosquito is carrying a parasite called heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis). Found in all 50 states but most prevalent in the South and Midwest, heartworms are transmitted from one pet to the next by a mosquito.

Heartworms start as tiny microfilaria that can only be seen under a microscope. Over the next 6 months they lodge in the vessels of the heart and lungs and grow to be over a foot long. Adult heartworms can live in your pet for up to 7 years, and create thousands of baby heartworms that will be transmitted to other pets through new mosquitoes.

It's hard to concentrate in the midst of a global pandemic, but spring is bringing back all the usual pests and our pets need protection. So to keep your pets safe from disease-carrying fleas and ticks, here's what you need to know - we've put it into the mnemonic that's top of mind these days.

So by following the tips above you can keep your pets free of fleas and ticks this year - and give yourself one less thing to stress over. Questions about your particular pet? Just give us a call at 513-791-7912 and we'll be happy to discuss the best product for your individual situation.

Old age can cause challenges whether you have 2 legs or 4. Here are some simple steps you can take to make your older pet's daily life more comfortable and maximize the enjoyable moments.

Maintain a healthy weight
Being over- or under-weight can both be a problem for the senior pet. Work with us to adjust your pets' feeding schedule so that we can optimize lean muscle mass, decrease the stress of obesity on joints, and make sure your pet has the reserves he or she needs to fight illness.

The novel coronavirus outbreak has many people worried for their health and the health of their families and pets. Concerned owners in China have even started putting face masks on their cats when outdoors to minimize the risk of exposure. Should you be worried about your pet? In a word, no.

​The current outbreak is caused by a novel coronavirus named Sars-CoV-2, that causes a disease known as COVID-19. As of February 18, the World Health Organization reports it has infected over 73,000 people and caused almost 1900 deaths. That's a lot of people, but let's put it in perspective: the CDC estimates that there have been at least 26,000,000 (yes, million) cases of influenza since October 2019 and at least 14,000 deaths this season here in the United States alone. Companion animals like cats and dogs don't become ill from COVID-19, but it is conceivable that they could carry the virus from one person to another. So a person infected with COVID-19 should minimize contact with their pets to protect other people in the household.

The best protection against viruses is to wash your hands frequently, avoid touching your nose and mouth, and use alcohol-based hand sanitizers after touching public objects (like doorknobs). Stay home if you are ill, and if you are coughing or sneezing in public cover your nose and mouth with a tissue or your elbow to minimize the spray. 

So as we all practice social distancing to slow the human spread of COVID-19, there's no reason to panic for our pets. Practicing good hygiene and limiting exposure to sick people and animals are reasonable precautions, but there's no need to fit your cat with a mask. (A disappointing fact: surgical masks don't actually block virus particles. Only properly fitted N95 masks can do that, and those should be reserved for medical personnel caring for sick people. Paper surgical masks will remind you not to touch your mouth and nose while you're wearing them, and do block most of the droplets from spreading to others when you cough or sneeze. So they're the considerate thing to wear if you are feeling ill and don't want to share your infection with others.)